Which removal method is most effective for addressing BOD?

The removal method that is most effective for addressing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is aeration. BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen that microorganisms will consume while decomposing organic matter in water. Aeration enhances the oxidation of organic materials by increasing the dissolved oxygen levels in the wastewater. This process encourages the growth of aerobic bacteria, which are crucial for breaking down organic pollutants.

During aeration, the mixing and circulation of wastewater allow oxygen to be effectively introduced into the system, promoting biological reactions that reduce the organic load. The higher concentration of dissolved oxygen supports a strong microbial community that efficiently consumes organic material, thereby reducing BOD levels in the effluent.

While microfiltration, chemical sedimentation, and ultrafiltration are valuable treatment processes for other purposes, they do not specifically target the reduction of BOD through biological means. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration primarily remove suspended solids and pathogens, while chemical sedimentation involves adding chemicals to promote settling of solids, which may not address the organic matter contributing to BOD as effectively as aeration can.